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NICE

NICE

Squamous cells in the oesophagus may become dysplastic (squamous dysplasia). In some people, this condition may become malignant. Current management includes lifestyle change, acid-suppressing medicines, endoscopic mucosal resection, endoscopic submucosal dissection, ablative therapies and surgery. Ablative therapies include radiofrequency ablation, photodynamic therapy, argon plasma coagulation, laser ablation, multipolar electrocoagulation and cryotherapy. The evidence is not very high as ...

NICE

NICE

The treatment pathway for locally advanced or metastatic squamous NSCLC starts with a PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitor or chemotherapy. Nivolumab would be used after chemotherapy. In line with clinical practice, nivolumab is a treatment option for people who have not had a PD‑1 or PD‑L1 inhibitor. Evidence of the key clinical trial shows that people who have nivolumab live longer than those who have docetaxel, which is the most appropriate comparator. There is uncertainty about how long people ...

NICE

NICE

Familial chylomicronaemia syndrome is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition that has a significant effect on the quality of life of people with the condition, and their families and carers. People with the condition have severe abdominal pain, unpredictable and recurrent acute pancreatitis and fatigue, and need to have a restricted low-fat diet. Current treatment options are limited. Clinical trial evidence shows short-term benefits with volanesorsen, including reduced triglyceride ...

NICE

NICE

Current treatment for untreated advanced renal cell carcinoma includes pazopanib, tivozanib or sunitinib. Also, cabozantinib is recommended for patients with intermediate or poor-risk cancer as defined by the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium. Short-term clinical trial evidence shows that pembrolizumab with axitinib is more effective than sunitinib for people with untreated renal cell carcinoma, but it is uncertain if there is a long-term benefit. This means ...

NICE

NICE

The treatment of opioid-induced constipation depends on whether the opioid is the only cause of the constipation (pure opioid-induced constipation) or if there are other contributing factors (mixed aetiology constipation). Treatment may include a peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonist alone. But, commonly a peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonist and a conventional laxative are used together. Naldemedine is an oral peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonist for ...