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Choosing Wisely Canada

Canadian Critical Care Society

Patients and their families often value the avoidance of invasive or overly aggressive life-sustaining measures when they are at the end of life. However, many dying patients receive aggressive life-sustaining therapies, in part due to clinicians’ failures to elicit patients’ preferences and to provide recommendations.

Choosing Wisely Canada

Canadian Anesthesiologists’ Society

Stress testing can help resolve diagnostic uncertainty in surgical patients, such as determining whether individuals with chest discomfort and vascular risk factors have undiagnosed coronary artery disease. It can also help identify patients at elevated risk for cardiac complications after major vascular surgery. Nonetheless, asymptomatic individuals with good functional capacity have a very low risk of cardiac complications after low-to-intermediate non-cardiac surgery. Stress testing in such ...

Choosing Wisely Canada

Canadian Anesthesiologists’ Society

Resting echocardiography has a clear role for resolving diagnostic questions in surgical patients, such as identifying the basis for suspicious systolic murmurs or new dyspnea on exertion. Outside these indications, resting echocardiography does not contribute significant additional prognostic information to usual clinical evaluation. It is not useful as a screening tool to identify surgical patients at risk for cardiac complications.

Choosing Wisely Canada

Canadian Anesthesiologists’ Society

While chest X-rays (CXRs) remain an important part of surgeon’s evaluation before cancer or thoracic surgeries, it is better if these staging examinations are complete before committing a patient to surgery. CXRs are not indicated in the routine pre–anesthetic assessment. In the absence of symptoms, CXRs yield few diagnoses and many false positives. CXRs do not improve risk prediction or stratification. CXR in the pre-anesthetic evaluation should be reserved for patients with symptoms ...

Choosing Wisely Canada

Canadian Anesthesiologists’ Society

Electrocardiograms (ECGs) performed before elective, non-cardiac, surgeries are frequently abnormal. This is especially true when this test is done in older patients. Despite the frequency of these abnormalities, ECGs do little to improve risk prediction beyond simply asking patients about their health. Serious cardiac events like heart attack are rare following lowrisk surgeries; there is little that physicians can do to further lower this risk. A preoperative ECG will therefore not improve ...